C2FL is a distributed federated learning approach that enables nodes to self-organize into spatial clusters based on geographic proximity. It addresses temporal drift by combining experience replay with dwell-time-aware adaptive averaging, allowing nodes to maintain updated, region-specific knowledge while adapting to evolving data distributions.
This paper introduces LLM Consumer Behavior Theory, a new field analyzing how large language models make consumption decisions on behalf of users. It unifies research on LLM decision-making, human behavior simulation, and preference elicitation under economic principles, identifying key gaps in assumptions like rationality and heterogeneity in agentic markets.
LegalHalluLens introduces a framework to audit AI hallucinations in legal contexts by analyzing typed hallucination profiles across four claim categories. It reveals a 38-40 point gap between obligation/numeric and temporal claims, and shows two systems with identical 52% hallucination rates can have opposite risk directions. The framework uses a Risk Direction Index and calibrated debate pipelines to reduce fabricated detections by 45% and improve accountability in legal AI deployment.
ProvenanceGuard introduces a source-aware verifier for MCP-based LLM agents that detects cross-source conflation by routing claims to specific evidence sources and comparing stated attribution with actual source ownership. It achieves block F1 of 0.802 and source accuracy of 0.858 on 260 source-eligible claims, outperforming source-blind baselines, and detects all injected attribution swaps in 50 clinical probes.
LLMs can generate peer-like responses that mimic personal narratives, creating a false impression of lived experience. Psycholinguistic analysis shows AI uses less first-person and past-focused language than human peers, and often fabricates experiential grounding. This reveals a narrative authenticity gap, requiring AI systems to distinguish supportive framing from fabricated lived experience.
PseudoBench evaluates agentic auto-research systems' ability to detect pseudoscientific claims. Testing seven state-of-the-art agents, it finds near-zero refusal rates and only 27.4% resistance to pseudoscientific narratives. Current systems often present pseudoscience in credible scientific language, highlighting a critical risk to scientific integrity.
A multi-agent AI framework addresses premature diagnostic handoff and silent hallucinations in healthcare by enforcing structured clinical protocol completion and epistemic uncertainty quantification. Evaluations on 150 simulated cases show 49.3% diagnostic precision, an 11.3 percentage point improvement over baseline, with a statistically significant negative correlation between OLDCARTS completeness and diagnostic uncertainty.
EAGG introduces a grasp generator that aligns embodiment structure within a shared model using topology-aware graphs and geometry-aware tokens. It achieves 56.17% average grasp success on MultiGripperGrasp, matching specialized models within 1.10 percentage points and reducing median contact distance from 0.239 cm to 0.189 cm.
The ALeRCE astronomical database introduces a text-to-SQL system using large language models, enabling natural language queries to generate executable SQL. The system, evaluated on 110 NL/SQL pairs, uses a step-by-step framework that outperforms direct-inference baselines, with Claude Opus 4.6 achieving high precision on simple queries and among the best overall performance across evaluated models.
Handlebars' triple-brace interpolation fails to protect against structural role injection, as HTML escaping only neutralizes angle-bracket delimiters. It leaves colon and Markdown hash delimiters intact, enabling attackers to hijack model turns. The default escaping provides no protection for most delimiter families and cannot replace a structural separation of instruction and data.
A new framework learns task-level knowledge on a simplified agent and transfers it to heterogeneous agents. It uses Bayesian non-parametric priors and a high-level policy to generate task guidance, with a semantic-magnitude interface and temporal adaptor to align meta-knowledge with embodiment-specific controllers. Experiments show 94.75% to 99.79% reduction in final-step tracking error and comparable performance using 23.8% of the interaction data of state-of-the-art methods.
TAC evaluates whether AI agents avoid animal exploitation in travel bookings. Seven frontier models all score below 64% chance level, with Claude Opus 4.7 at 53%. Adding a welfare-aware system prompt improves performance significantly, though models show no evidence of evaluation awareness in their responses.
A robot's flash memory endurance is a non-renewable asset that degrades with each write. A wear-aware pricing model introduces a shadow price $η$ to guide memory placement across RAM, NVM, and cloud, with optimal routing depending on the value-write association $χ$. Empirical measurements show $χ$ is positive in long-horizon manipulation, null in short-horizon tasks, and negative in teleoperation, and the endurance budget is binding only on low-end QLC/eMMC memory, where wear-aware control influences routing based on task value without improving performance.
WEQA introduces a query-adaptive agent framework that combines language models with specialized wearable data analysis tools. It outperforms LLM and agentic baselines by 24% in accuracy and demonstrates improved usefulness and clinical soundness in expert and user evaluations.
LEADS proposes a framework that uses an LLM agent to discover hybrid cardiac electrophysiology models through an iterative reasoning-and-action loop. It formulates domain knowledge as a structured action space, enabling physically grounded, interpretable, and numerically stable model designs, outperforming both human-designed and other LLM-based approaches on synthetic and real cardiac data.
ReAge3D introduces a framework for realistic and identity-preserving 3D face re-aging. It uses a 2D diffusion model and center-out editing to ensure multi-view consistency, preserving fine age-related details through masked diffusion and view reconstruction.
An empirical study of 86,156 test-file patches from 33,596 agent-authored PRs reveals that 80.2% of test patches contain weak or no explicit oracle signals. Strong-oracle test files significantly improve merge likelihood (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001) after adjusting for multiple factors, indicating test file presence alone overestimates verification strength.
IUU+DB is a large language model-driven system that tracks illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, seafood fraud, and labor abuse. It extracts key data elements from diverse documents, classifies relevant incidents, and enables trend analysis to identify geographic and behavioral hotspots. The system supports research, risk assessments, and policy enforcement in fisheries and supply chains.
DRFLOW introduces a benchmark to evaluate agents' ability to predict personalized workflows from heterogeneous sources. It includes 100 tasks across five domains, grounded in 3,900 sources and featuring 1,246 reference workflow steps. DRFLOW-Agent achieves up to 10.02% F1 improvement over baselines, yet significant challenges remain in accurate workflow prediction.
A red-team study of Anthropic's Fable 5 and Opus 4.8 models reveals both are vulnerable to adaptive iterative attacks, with Opus 4.8 breached on 11.5% of harmful intents and Fable -5 on 6.1%. Despite robust defenses, both models generated 1,620 and 702 panel-confirmed harmful completions across all harm categories, automatically and efficiently under automated attack.