A data-centric approach improves long-context reasoning in large language models, using eight curated datasets with 14K examples across retrieval, multi-evidence synthesis, and reasoning tasks. When paired with minimal outcome-based GRPO training, it achieves average gains of +7.2 to +6.4 points on seven benchmarks, outperforming prior RL training sets, and enhances agentic performance by +4.8 and +7.0 points on GAIA and BrowseComp respectively.
Concatenating LLM-generated features to graph neural networks systematically reduces accuracy on homophilous benchmarks, with PubMed accuracy dropping by -17.0 ± 0.3 pp. This degradation is linked to LLM-alone discriminability (Delta_sig), which correlates strongly with concatenation cost (r² = 0.38) and shows a power law relationship with feature dimension and node count (r² = 0.97), particularly in low-Delta_sig, low-node scenarios.
Radical AI has accelerated materials discovery by producing and characterizing 1,200 alloys in six months—nearly 10x faster than DARPA/GE MACH's goal of 500 alloys in a year. Their self-driving labs use AI scientists to generate and test hypotheses in closed-loop systems, leading to 300 new materials with 10 exhibiting novel, state-of-the-art properties now being developed for commercial use.
Concatenating LLM-generated features to graph neural networks systematically reduces accuracy on homophilous benchmarks, with PubMed accuracy dropping by -17.0 +/- 0.3 pp. A measure of LLM-alone discriminability, Delta_sig, correlates strongly with concatenation performance (r^2 = 0.38), and a rule based on Delta_sig <= 13.8 pp correctly predicts non-positive impact in 7 out of 9 datasets.
Stanford introduces SEFD, an open, layout-faithful reconstruction of SEC filings into MultiMarkdown. The 152B-token SEFD-v1 dataset enables financial language modeling and includes benchmarks for forecasting and table transcription, with less than 0.1% overlap to Common Crawl.
FusionRS introduces the first large-scale RGB-infrared-text dataset for remote sensing vision-language modeling. It aligns RGB and infrared images with IR-aware captions, enabling dual-modal vision-language foundation models. Experiments show improved RGB-IR alignment, retrieval, and captioning, with ablation studies confirming the critical role of modality-specific textual supervision.
The Urdu Katib Handwritten Dataset (UKHD) is a new benchmark dataset of offline Urdu handwritten text lines, curated from historical Katib writings in Nastalique calligraphy. It evaluates CRNN-based models, with the CNN-BGRU-CTC architecture showing the lowest error rates, making it a strong baseline for Urdu handwritten text recognition.
A controlled benchmark found no significant performance gain from quantum generative models in brain MRI augmentation. Synthetic samples produced by quantum and classical GANs were statistically indistinguishable, with both showing mode collapse and off-distribution samples, especially at low data fractions. The study concludes that quantum augmentation does not provide meaningful data expansion and acts more as regularization.
A hybrid LSTM-Vision Transformer framework enhances prediction of HRRR forecast errors by integrating atmospheric profiles from mesonet profilers. It achieves up to twofold improvement in precipitation error prediction, especially during active planetary boundary layer periods, by better capturing convective error evolution and reducing PBL-related degradation.
Large-scale experiments show that state-of-the-art dataset distillation methods are comparable to or worse than coreset selection on ImageNet and ImageNette. Coresets consistently achieve better data coverage and are more computationally efficient, highlighting their practical superiority over distilled sets.
The paper details a methodology for digitizing the Al-Mawrid Arabic-English dictionary using ISO LMF and TEI Lex-0. It achieves 91% structural parsing accuracy and demonstrates 85% precision and 98% recall for synonyms, with 88% precision for morpho-semantic features, based on a sample of the letter Ayn. The study highlights TEI Lex-0 limitations in capturing Arabic semantic and morphological nuances and proposes a scalable prefix-based system for LLOD integration.
A delta-based target reformulation enhances short-term electricity load forecasting by predicting load changes rather than absolute values. Results show over 50% MAPE reduction for hour-ahead forecasts across LSTM and Transformer models, with significant benefits for deep sequence models in day-ahead predictions.
A study proposes a hybrid Ret-DNN with XGBoost model to forecast customer behavior in e-commerce. Using 500,000 transaction records from a UK retailer, the model achieves a Mean Absolute Error of 0.2193, outperforming the existing Ret-DNN model.
McWC introduces a model that separately captures cyclicity, trend, and inter-channel correlations in long-term time series forecasting. It uses multi-layer cyclicity construction, wavelet decomposition, and a multi-layer perceptron to extract and fuse high- and low-frequency information, while decoupling intra-channel autocorrelations via frequency-domain loss. Experiments on six real-world datasets show McWC achieves state-of-the-art performance with high computational efficiency.
McWC introduces a model that separately captures cyclicity, trend, and inter-channel correlations in long-term time series forecasting. It uses multi-layer cyclicity construction, wavelet decomposition, and a multi-layer perceptron to extract and fuse high- and low-frequency information, while decoupling intra-channel autocorrelations via frequency-domain loss. Experiments on six real-world datasets show McWC achieves state-of-the-art performance with high computational efficiency.
The Certus Caliber Classification Gunshot Dataset (C3GD) contains over 8000 field-collected gunshot audio samples from 28 firearms across 16 calibers. It offers detailed metadata on firearms, calibers, microphones, and placement, enabling robust academic analysis and real-world applications in gunshot detection and audio signal processing.
This study evaluates Word2Vec's ability to capture semantic relationships in Toki Pona, a language with only 130 words. Using 1.4 million sentences, it finds that non-core tokens do not disrupt embedding structure and may actually bring similar words closer in vector space. The results show Word2Vec's effectiveness relies more on distributional patterns than vocabulary size, even at extreme lexical reduction.
MultiClin introduces a clinical ASR benchmark that evaluates models' robustness to multiscript variability. It shows that multiscript-aware evaluation outperforms conventional single-reference methods, and script unification yields the best ASR performance, while inconsistent script mappings increase orthographic uncertainty.
IMPACTeen is a dataset of 1,021 texts annotated from five perspectives—teenagers, parents, psychologists, communication experts, and teachers. It includes 5,100 annotation records covering social influence techniques, intentions, consequences, and resistance, with annotations validated through human editing. The dataset, created using LLM generation and human validation, is available in both Polish and English and supports research on social influence and language model training.
IMPACTeen is a dataset of 1,021 texts annotated from five perspectives—teenagers, parents, psychologists, communication experts, and teachers. It includes 5,100 annotation records covering social influence techniques, intentions, consequences, and resistance, with annotations validated through human editing. The dataset, created using LLM generation and human validation, is available in both Polish and English and supports research on social influence and language model training.