Handlebars' triple-brace interpolation fails to protect against structural role injection, as HTML escaping only neutralizes angle-bracket delimiters. It leaves colon and Markdown hash delimiters intact, enabling attackers to hijack model turns. The default escaping provides no protection for most role delimiter families and cannot replace a structural separation of instructions and data.
arxiv
arXiv cs.CL
·
8d ago
·
research
Handlebars Triple-Brace Injection Exploits Structural Role Delimiters
from English
Importance 3/3
arXiv cs.CL
Microsoft Research
Anthropic
OpenAI
AI agents
Evaluation & benchmarks
Safety & alignment
Benchmarks
| Benchmark | Model | Score |
|---|---|---|
| SWE-bench Verified | GPT-3.5 Turbo | 97% |
| SWE-bench Verified | Claude Haiku 4.5 | — |