A study identifies shrinkage bias in E2M1-based FP4 formats due to geometric asymmetry, causing multiplicative error accumulation and training instability. The proposed UFP4 recipe uses uniform E1M2/INT4 grids and applies Random Hadamard Transform to all GEMMs, achieving lower loss degradation than E2M1 baselines in large-scale LLM pretraining. The authors recommend E1M2/INT4 as a first-class training primitive for future accelerators.
UFP4: Uniform 4-Bit Training Overcomes Shrinkage Bias in LLM Pretraining
FoMoE Breaks Full-Replica Barrier with Partitioned Expert Layers
FoMoE introduces a system that partitions expert layers across workers to avoid full model replicas, reducing communication costs by up to 1.42x over efficient baselines and 45.44x over DDP. It achieves up to 1.4x throughput speedups via a skip-token mechanism and demonstrates stable routing, with projected benefits extending to 100B-scale models through system modeling.
Fixing Long-Context Decode Cliff on Radeon R9700 with vLLM 0.22.1
A long-context decode performance cliff on AMD Radeon AI PRO R9700 (RDNA4) was resolved by enabling AITER Unified Attention in vLLM 0.22.1. The fix involves relaxing a CDNA gate to include RDNA4, disabling other attention backends, and using bf16 KV cache, resulting in significant speedups across all context lengths. FP8 KV is ineffective on this hardware, and the model's native 262K context is fully achievable with bf16, offering ~2.9× concurrency without needing FP8.
Execution-State Capsules for Low-Latency On-Device AI Serving
Execution-state capsules enable graph-bound checkpointing and restoration of complete execution state, including KV, recurrent, and convolution states, for low-latency, small-batch on-device AI serving. On RTX 5090 and Jetson AGX Thor, capsule restore achieves byte-exact and token-identical correctness, with sub-millisecond GPU operations and TTFT speedups up to 27x at 16k tokens, demonstrating significant latency reduction in interactive AI workflows.
CRAX: Fast Safe Reinforcement Learning Benchmarking
CRAX introduces a high-fidelity, accelerated safety benchmark for reinforcement learning using MuJoCo XLA. It achieves up to 100x speedups over CPU-based benchmarks via vectorization and hardware acceleration, featuring six environment suites and three agent-specific tasks across three difficulty levels. Evaluation of six safe RL methods shows no single approach dominates, highlighting trade-offs between performance and safety, with curriculum learning and safety transfer improving results.
CRAX: Fast Safe Reinforcement Learning Benchmarking
CRAX introduces a high-fidelity, fast safety benchmark for reinforcement learning using MuJoCo XLA. It achieves up to 100x speedups over CPU-based benchmarks via vectorization and hardware acceleration, featuring six environment suites and three agent-specific tasks across three difficulty levels. Evaluation of six safe RL methods shows no single approach dominates, highlighting trade-offs between performance and safety, with curriculum learning and safety transfer improving results.