arxiv arXiv cs.CL · 53d ago · research

LLMs Predict Dementia and Depression from Clinical Speech

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A study uses open-weight large language models to assess dementia and depression severity from clinical interviews. LLMs achieve accurate zero-shot depression prediction (MAE 0.60) and improved dementia assessment with feature extraction (MAE 0.78), reducing errors by up to 35%. Pause-enriched transcripts match human transcriptions, supporting automated screening pipelines for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Importance 2/3 arXiv cs.CL Mistral AI Alibaba (Qwen) DeepSeek Evaluation & benchmarks Open weights Reasoning models

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arxiv arXiv cs.AI · 46d ago · 1 view

Benchmark Evaluation of Small Language Models for Arabic NLP

A benchmark of 240 Arabic test items across eight domains and ten skills assesses twelve small language models in zero-shot settings. Gemma 3 (12B) achieved the highest overall score (4.548/5), followed by Aya and C4AI Command Arabic, with performance linked more to Arabic alignment and instruction-following than model size. Common failure modes include prompt leakage, hallucination, and weak task adherence.

arxiv arXiv cs.CL · 47d ago · 6 views

Test-Time Steering Resolves Temporal Fact Conflicts in LLMs

Researchers identify parametric temporal conflicts in language models where outdated facts persist in parameters. They introduce Temporal Attractor Steering (TAS), a test-time method that resolves 29-57% of such conflicts without retraining, maintaining 85-99% accuracy on non-conflict queries and outperforming a baseline on three of four models.

arxiv arXiv cs.CL · 47d ago · 2 views

Benchmark Evaluation of Small Language Models for Arabic NLP

arxiv arXiv cs.LG · 53d ago

Baseline Evaluation of Open-Source LLMs for Multi-Label ATT&CK Classification

A ground-truth dataset of 2,076 human-annotated sentences from 83 complex CTI reports was constructed and mapped to 114 ATT&CK techniques with \k{appa} = 0.68 inter-annotator agreement. Seven open-source LLMs ranging from 8B to 236B parameters were evaluated, achieving a maximum micro-averaged F1 score of 0.22. Parameter size showed a statistically significant positive correlation with F1 score, while prompt strategy and temperature did not yield significant improvements, indicating current open-source LLMs are insufficient for production-grade ATT&CK classification.

arxiv arXiv cs.CL · 53d ago · 1 view

RubricsTree: Scalable Evaluation Framework for Personal Health Agents

RubricsTree introduces a hierarchical taxonomy of over 100 clinically-verifiable Boolean rubrics, evolved from 4,000 real user queries via human-in-the-loop curation. It enables scalable, expert-aligned evaluation of personal health agents by dynamically routing queries to relevant rubrics and outperforms baseline methods in alignment, context sensitivity, and model performance gains of up to 66% on HealthBench.